Renaissance Philosophy and
Arts
(pgs.378-385, bbr.381,
ills.383-385)
·
Humanism: intellectual movement
based on the study of classic Greek and Roman literary works
1.humanist: those who study liberal arts based on ancient Greek and
Roman authors such as rhetoric, poetry, grammar, ethics, and history
A.humanities: the subjects studied by
humanists
2.Petrarch: often referred to as the father of Italian Renaissance
humanism. Promoted Middle Ages as ignorant of classical works. Put humanist
emphasis on pure classical Latin; as a result, he ransacked monastic libraries
in Europe while in search of Latin texts. Popularized Cicero as humanist model
for writing prose and Virgil as a model for poetry.
3.Leonardo Bruni: humanist, Florentine partriot, wrote a biogarphy of
Cicero
·
Neoplatoism: the combination of
Platoism and Christianity to form a single system. Based on two main ideas,a
theory of spiritual love and Neoplatonic heiarchy of substances. The theory of
spiritual love was that all humans were bound together by sympathetic love. The
heirarchy of substances covered the lowest form of matter to the highest form
of spirit, humans sat in the middle and connected the physical and spiritual.
1.Marsilio Ficino: created Neoplatoism, dedicated life life to
translating Plato
·
Hermeticism: the study of theological
and philosophical beliefs and occult sciences such as astrology, alchemy, and
magic. The belief that humans were created divine, but chose to enter the
material world. Humans could regain their divinity by purifing their soul, then
they would become sages or magi.
1.Renaissance Magi: believed humans could control nature by
practicing magic
A.Giovanni Pico della Mirandola: pupil of
Ficino, prominent magi, wrote the Oration
on the Dignity of Man
·
Dante: Italian vernacular writer,
wrote The Divine Comedy which
describes the soul's journey to heaven. The
Divine Comedy is divided into three parts: "Inferno",
"Purgatory", and "Paradise".
·
Christine de
Pizan:
French vernacular writer, wrote The Book
of the City of Ladies in which she denounces antifeminists and encourages
women to stand up to men
·
Johannes
Gutenberg of Mainz: Gutenberg's Bible first real book to be produced from a movable type
printng press
·
Masaccio: created frescoes in
Brancacci Chapel
·
Leonardo da
Vinci:
artist, created Last Supper,
attempted to display three-dimensional figures in a two-dimensional medium
·
Raphael: painter, painted many
Madonnas, created frescoe in Vatican Palace and School of Athems
·
Michelangelo: painter, scultptor,
architect; influenced by Neoplatoism; noted works found in Sistine Chapel
Samantha Stych
World Civ. 2H, Period 3
December 31, 2004